Background Inguinal hernia of the bladder (IBH) is an uncommon clinical condition. It is typically diagnosed intraoperatively which prolongs operative time and increases risk of complications. Methods A literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted across PubMed, SCOPUS, Medline, and Embase databases. Two independent reviewers searched the terms “inguinal bladder hernia,” “bladder hernia,” and “inguinoscrotal hernia.” English-language case reports and case series from 2000–2024 involving adults (≥18 years) were included. Data on demographics, presentations, diagnostics, management, and outcomes were analysed independently by two authors. Results One hundred cases of IBH were identified, predominantly in males with a mean age of 69.5 ± 12.7 years. Common presentations included inguinal swelling (58%), lower urinary tract symptoms (52%), and double micturition (15%). Approximately two fifth of the population were obese. CT (75%) and X-ray (43%) were key diagnostic tools. Operative repair was 86% open and 14% laparoscopic with mesh used in most cases. The post-operative complication rate was 6.8% with a recurrence of 4.4%. The mortality rate was 3.1% largely attributed to underlying comorbidities. Conclusion Preoperative diagnosis of IBH is uncommon due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms in the early stages. Awareness of epidemiological and clinical patterns can help facilitate preoperative diagnosis to optimise surgical planning and patient outcomes.