Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a potentially devastating complication following arthroplasty procedures. replacement surgery and the leading cause of revision surgery in hips and knees arthroplasty. The establishment of national joint replacement registries has helped improve our knowledge and understanding of arthroplasty surgery through many registry-based studies. Here we examine the recent literature regarding the accuracy of joint replacement registries from around the world. Method: A literature search was conducted looking for all available articles relating to the accuracy of national joint replacement registries at reporting re-operations for infection. Results: The Danish Hip Arthroplasty Registry under-reported re-operations for infections by 33%. The Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Registry, New Zealand Joint Registry and Australia Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry under-reported by 33%, 37% and 25% respectively. Conclusion: National arthroplasty registries have their inherent problems regarding accuracy of data collection. The capture rate of PJIs may be improved by including reoperations without component exchange, which may occur in debridement and implant retention (DAIR) procedures. Non-surgical treatment with suppressive antibiotics may also warrant consideration of reporting, along with the linkage of arthroplasty registries with microbiological data