Purpose: Fatigue is known to adversely affect surgical performance. Surgeons frequently work on-call periods >24 hours, yet there is limited literature on sleep interruptions in the context of consultant surgical on-call. This study aimed to quantify the frequency, timing, and duration of sleep interruptions for consultant surgeons during on call periods in an Australian context. Methodology: A mixed-methods cross-sectional survey was conducted across four public hospitals in the Lower Hunter region, NSW, Australia over fourteen consecutive days. Surgeons completed a structured post-call verbal survey on the morning following their on-call shift. Data collected included number, timing, duration, and clinical nature of work-related sleep interruptions. Results: There were 168/238 surgeon respondents (70% response rate), recording 277 on-call contacts (OCCs), average 1.65 OCCs/surgeon/night surveyed. Sleep-time (22:00 until 06:00) accounted for 46.5% of OCCs. Work-related sleep disruptions were reported by 34% of surgeons with 4% surgeons being woken by OCCs five times in a single on-call night. Neurosurgery and General Surgery John Hunter reported the most sleep-time contacts. The most common reported duration of on-call contacts was 2-5 minutes (48%). Most OCCs required discussion of information only (71.5%). However, 6.5% of OOCs required surgeons to attend the hospital to operate. 11.1% reported that it took >1 hour to fall back to sleep and 16.1% could not get back to sleep after the OCC. In a 7-day week, the median number of nights of sleep disruption was 2, with 12% of surgeons reporting sleep disruptions every night, 81% due to work commitments. Conclusion: Consultant surgeons throughout the lower Hunter region experience frequent and significant sleep interruptions, often over multiple nights within a week, putting at risk consultant wellbeing and retention, and potentially patient safety.