Purpose: Graft pancreatitis (GP) is a complication of pancreas transplantation. Currently no standardised diagnostic criteria for this condition exists. The purpose of this review is to identify utilised diagnostic criteria to establish a definition of graft pancreatitis, and to identify potential risks and mitigating factors. Methodology: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were systematically searched. Studies reporting GP development after pancreas transplantation from animal and human studies were included. Bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tools. Results: Seventy-one studies were included. Radiological, biochemical and clinical definitions were reported in 22 studies. Risk factors for GP include older donor age, duration of cold ischemia time, recipient lipid levels, HTK preservation, surgeon experience, exocrine bladder drainage, implantation order during simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation and recipient reperfusion mean arterial pressure. Potential mitigating factors include use of intraoperative sevoflurane and desflurane, donor steroid pre-treatment, recipient pre-treatment with calcium channel blockers, anti-thrombin III, endothelin A receptor antagonists, cisplatin, antioxidant agents and graft reperfusion with hydrogen-rich saline. Conclusion: This systematic review identified a range of potential risk factors and mitigating factors for graft pancreatitis which should be further assessed prospectively. An adaptation of the Atlanta criteria is proposed as a potential definition. Further research utilising a standardised definition to confirm results is required to improve the reliability of graft pancreatitis research.