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RACS ASC 2025
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in the Management of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Literature Review
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Institution: Sunshine Coast University Hospital - QLD, Australia

Purpose: To review the literature relating to the use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy, in the management of resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Methods: Key terms were used to identify articles on Pubmed and Google Scholar Results: Five clinical trials utilising neoadjuvant immunotherapy were identified, four of which were non-randomised trials evaluating the use of Cemiplimab and Prembrolizumab. There was one randomised control trial comparing neoadjuvant Durvalumab to dual Durvalumab and Tremelimumab therapy, showing improved distant recurrence-free survival with dual therapy.1 The single arm trials all showed significant complete pathological response ranging from 47.4% to 57%, with major pathological response ranging from 8% to 13%. The longest follow-up period was a median of 42.3 months, showing a 85% disease free survival, with patient with major or complete response having no sign of recurrence.2 Conclusion: Immunotherapy is revolutionising oncological management, with evidence showing there may be a role for neoadjuvant therapy in the management of resectable cSCC. References: 1.Kim CG, Hong MH, Kim D, et al. A Phase II Open-Label Randomized Clinical Trial of Preoperative Durvalumab or Durvalumab plus Tremelimumab in Resectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2024;30(10):2097-2110. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-3249 2.Ferrarotto R, Nagarajan P, Maronge JM, et al. Outcomes of Treatment With Neoadjuvant Cemiplimab for Patients With Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Secondary Analysis of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023;149(9):847–849. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.1729
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Dr Lachlan Yaksich -