Introduction: Music is increasingly used and enjoyed intra operatively as an adjunct to operating lists. This scoping review maps the existing evidence on its effects on operating staff/surgeons and patients. Methods: Studies were included from a systematic search of PubMed, Medline and internet searches. Outcomes for patients recorded included perceived anxiety, physiological parameters, anaesthesia requirements. For operating staff, factors reviewed were communication, technical performance and overall attitudes. Results: For patients, pre and intra operative music in some studies was associated with reduced anxiety, lower requirements for sedating anaesthetic agents, and reduced post operative pain in several studies. Physiological effects were variably reported, with some studies demonstrating modest reductions in bi-spectral index values, heart rate, and blood pressure across various anaesthetics (local, sedation, general). Others reported minimal differences. Intra operative music was also associated with improved patient satisfaction and reductions in perceived stress during and after procedures. For surgeons and operating staff, intra operative music was generally reported as safe, with no increase in major postoperative complications. Some studies showed classical or low tempo music associated with improved technical performance, whereas loud music was described as distracting leading to compromised communication and increased staff stress. Some studies indicated relations between music with speed and quality of wound closure. Overall findings across systematic and narrative reviews were mixed, highlighting both potential benefits and context dependent risks. Conclusion: Intra operative music appears to offer modest benefits for patient experience and selected staff outcomes, although its effects are context dependent and likely need more robust evidence to draw conclusions.