Herpes simplex virus (HSV) oesophagitis in immunocompetent individuals is a rare occurrence, albeit being a self-limiting disease. This comprehensive literature review aims to identify clinical and endoscopic features, diagnostic methods, treatment, and outcomes of HSV oesophagitis spanning over the last decade from 2009 to present. A total of 41 immunocompetent patients were included, with a mean age of 37.8 years. The most common clinical presentations were odynophagia (78%), dysphagia (51%) and fever (44%). Histopathology was predominantly used in 80% of cases for diagnostic confirmation and was often used in conjunction with immunohistochemistry or PCR. There is limited evidence in the use of antivirals in this setting, yet 82.9% of patients still received antiviral therapy. There were no complications reported in the majority of cases, however there were 2 cases of oesophageal perforation, 3 cases of eosinophilic oesophagitis, and 2 cases of recurrence documented. We also describe a case of HSV oesophagitis in a 49-year-old female immunocompetent patient, who was found to have ulcerative oesophagitis in the mid to distal oesophagus. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were positive for HSV, and the patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir and high-dose proton pump inhibitor. Repeat endoscopy at 2 months showed marked improvement in oesophageal ulceration. Despite HSV oesophagitis being a self-limiting disease, early endoscopic examination and biopsy may be beneficial in assisting early initiation of antivirals where indicated, thereby preventing serious complications.