Developments in mandibular reconstruction aim to reestablish the continuity of the mandible to achieve both functional and aesthetic outcomes. The first documented attempt is credited to Bardenheuer, who used a pedicled graft of the mandible to restore continuity of an adjacent defect in 1892. The next attempts utilised free non-vascularised bone grafts, typically from the tibia, iliac crest, or ribs. In 1978, Taylor and Watson presented the first free iliac crest osseocutaneous flap based on the superficial circumflex iliac artery. A few years earlier, Taylor et al. had described the fibula flap, though this did not become a popular reconstructive choice until after 1989, when Hidalgo published 12 cases utilising this technique for various mandibular defects. Although the free fibula flap has proved to be a workhorse flap in mandibular reconstruction, the radial forearm free flap gained popularity following its description by Soutar et al. in 1983. More recently, virtual digital planning has been used to generate preoperative plans for fibula shaping, plate design, dental implant positions, and dental prosthesis. In 2007, digital planning paved the way for the first ‘Jaw in a Day’ surgery. A patient who had sustained a facial gunshot wound underwent a single-stage reconstruction using a scapula free flap with immediate implants and immediate teeth. The future of mandibular reconstruction will likely depend on material technology and 3D bioprinting to provide more personalised reconstructive treatments.