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RACS ASC 2025
Classic Kaposi Sarcoma of the Parotid Gland in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
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Institution: Peninsula Health - Victoria, Australia

Kaposi sarcoma is a rare angio-proliferative spindle-cell malignancy affecting mucocutaneous sites. With an incidence of 0.39 per 100,000, Classic KS (CKS) is the least common subtype and is neither endemic nor associated with iatrogenic or AIDS related immunosuppression. Major salivary gland involvement in CKS is exceptionally rare, with just 6 case studies identified in current literature and at present no clear treatment guideline exists for these patients. We present a novel case of an immunocompetent 71-year-old with CKS of the parotid gland. The patient initially presented with a 3-month history of painless neck swelling. He was of Mediterranean decent, with no personal or family history of head/neck malignancy, no known immunodeficiency and negative HIV serology. MRI demonstrated a well-defined 12x12x15mm exophytic T1 hypodense lesion in his parotid tail. Pathology features on biopsy were consistent with HHV-8 positive CKS of an intra-parotid lymph node. The patient was referred peri-operatively for staging PET scan as well as dermatology and medical oncology opinions which identified no additional lesions of concern. MDM discussion favoured local surgical excision due the patients more advanced age and isolated lesion, and he subsequently underwent an uncomplicated superficial parotidectomy. CKS is a very rare disease and ENT presentations are scarce. Treatments include primary radiation, chemotherapy, excision and local laser/cryotherapy but the indication for each is unclear in current literature. This case highlights the need for clearer management guidelines to ensure consistent and timely patient care, prevent systemic spread of disease and definitively manage aggressive lesions which cause rapid mortality.
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Dr Olivia Elkington - , Dr Sarah Harrington - , Dr Andrew Martin -