Purpose Women currently represent a small proportion of the surgical workforce in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). While recent efforts have been made to improve gender equity in surgery, these changes have only been introduced in the past decade. This review examines the progress made in the representation of women in surgery across ANZ from 2013 to 2023. Methodology A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) activity reports spanning from 2013 to 2023. Surgical subspecialities excluded from analysis were ophthalmology and obstetrics and gynaecology. Results In 2023, females represented 16.7% of the active surgical workforce in ANZ, reflecting a 6.6% increase over the past 10 years. This represents a mean increase of 0.7% per year. The number of new female fellows in 2023 accounted for 30.5% of the cohort, with an increase of 12.4% over the past decade. Conclusion While there has been a notable increase in female representation in surgery over the past decade in ANZ, a clear gender disparity still persists within the profession. Further research is needed to identify the barriers preventing women from entering surgery, alongside the implementation of mentoring programs to support female junior doctors.